Solution and causes of capsular contracture

What is Capsular Contracture?

After breast implant surgery, the body reacts by forming a natural layer of scar tissue around the implant. In some cases, this capsule tightens and hardens, causing discomfort or aesthetic alterations. This phenomenon is known as capsular contracture.

Origin and causes

• Natural body response: Capsule formation is part of the healing process, but sometimes an exaggerated reaction can trigger contracture.
• Predisposing factors: Infections, bleeding, or an unusual inflammatory response can increase the risk of developing this complication.
• Elapsed time: Contracture can appear at different times, from a few months to years after surgery.

Early evaluation and continuous follow-up are essential to address this condition.

How do I know If my implant is contracted?

Recognizing the signs of capsular contracture is fundamental to acting in time and avoiding major complications. Below are some symptoms and signs that can help you identify if your implant is contracted.

Common symptoms:

• Hardening and stiffness: The feeling that the breast becomes harder or tighter is one of the first indications.
• Pain or discomfort: Some people experience pain in the area, which can vary in intensity.
• Changes in shape: Capsule contraction can alter the natural shape of the breast, making it look more asymmetric or distorted.
• Increased sensitivity: The area may become more sensitive to touch or cause discomfort when performing certain movements.

Why do I still have capsular contracture?

If you have already been diagnosed with capsular contracture and continue to experience symptoms, several factors may be involved:

• Persistent inflammatory reaction: In some cases, the body's immune response remains active, promoting contracture.
• Individual factors: Genetics, the type of implant, or even the surgical technique used can influence the occurrence or persistence of contracture.
• Infections or additional complications: The presence of an infection or other postoperative problems can contribute to the continuation of hardening.
• Regular check-ups with a specialist are key to determining the origin of these symptoms and adjusting the treatment to your needs.

How to treat capsular contracture

The treatment of capsular contracture may vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual characteristics of each patient. It is important to highlight that, in many cases, a personalized evaluation with a plastic surgery specialist is recommended to determine the most appropriate approach.

Non-Surgical Treatments

For mild or early-stage cases, there are several options that can help relieve symptoms without surgery.

Physical Therapy and Massages

• Specialized massages: Performing massages in the area can help soften the capsule and improve implant mobility. These massages should be done by a trained professional.
• Physical therapy: Physiotherapy with specific exercises can help improve elasticity in the area and reduce capsule tension.

Medication and Topical Treatments

• Anti-inflammatory drugs: Sometimes, anti-inflammatory medications can be prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation.
• Hyaluronic acid injections: Some specialists use this technique to soften the capsule and improve the appearance of the implant.

These treatments can be useful for managing contracture conservatively, although their effectiveness depends on the degree of contracture and the individual response to treatment.

Surgical Treatments

In situations where capsular contracture is moderate to severe, surgical intervention may be required to correct the problem.

Capsulotomy

• Procedure: Involves making cuts in the capsule to release it and allow the implant to settle more naturally.
• Recovery: Generally less invasive than other interventions, which may favor a quicker recovery.

Capsulectomy

• Procedure: Involves the total removal of the contracted capsule and, in some cases, the replacement of the implant.
• Considerations: It is a more complex procedure and may be recommended when the contracture has caused significant deformities or persistent pain.

Choosing the Right Treatment

The decision between capsulotomy and capsulectomy will depend on several factors:

• Degree of contracture: Mild cases may benefit from a capsulotomy, while severe contractures may require a capsulectomy.
• Overall condition of the implant: If the implant presents other problems or has shifted, replacement may be necessary.
• Specialist’s opinion: An experienced plastic surgeon will guide you to the best option, considering both aesthetic and functional aspects.

Prevention and Follow-Up

Postoperative prevention and follow-up are fundamental aspects to minimize the risk of developing capsular contracture or prevent its recurrence.

Preventive Measures

Selection of the appropriate implant: There are different types of implants, each with characteristics that can influence capsule formation. Choosing the correct implant, along with the appropriate surgical technique, can significantly reduce the risk.

• Postoperative care: Strictly following medical instructions regarding care, physical activities, and infection control is essential.
• Inflammation control: Keeping any signs of inflammation under control with treatments recommended by the specialist can prevent excessive capsule contraction.

Medical Follow-Up

• Regular check-ups: Attending regular follow-up appointments allows early identification of any signs of contracture and taking preventive or corrective measures.
• Personalized evaluation: Every patient is unique, so follow-up must be adapted to their specific needs. Continuous communication with the surgeon is key to maintaining the health of the implant and surrounding tissue.

Proper follow-up is an essential part of treating and preventing complications, ensuring satisfactory long-term results.